Ramblings of a Developer

A while ago I started working on some twitter services and I needed an automatic urlshortner. This first started as a model that would shorten en url and save the result in a table for caching purposes. After a good chat with a friend (beeman) it turned into a behavior with the model only using the behavior to act like it did before. One of the reasons for a behavior was to create a simple interface for the developer without the need to poll the caching model but at the same time be able to use the cache model when the resulting short url wouldn’t be stored anywhere else (like an autmatic tweet). The model currently supports 4 different services (I want to add more in the future tho so any suggestions are welcome): 0x.tc, is.gd, bit.ly and u.nu.

Configuration

mode has 2 possible options ordered (default) or randomize. ordered checks the order in order while randomize uses shuffle to randomize the order.
Example:

1	'mode' => 'ordered',

fields is an array with fields that the behavior should send to the services to shorten the url (note that the value in the field MUST be an url). This option has no default value!
Example:

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'fields' => array(
'short'
),

order is an array with the services listed in the order to use. This option wil only be used is mode is set to ordered else if mode is set to randomize it will grab the default order array and overwrite what you place in order.
Example:

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'order' => array(
'zero_xtc',
'bit_ly'
'u_nu',
'is_gd',
),

retries number of times it loops through the list of shortners before giving up. Default value is 5.
Example:

1	'retries' => 10,

shortners list with shortners and their options. All the shortners have an enable option. Shortners that require an API key also have key option to store the needed API key.
Example:

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'shortners' => array(
'bit_ly' => array(
'enable' => true,
// Go to http://bit.ly/account/your_api_key to get yours
'key' => array(
'login' => 'YOUR_BITLY_API_LOGIN_HERE',
'key' => 'YOUR_BITLY_API_KEY_HERE'
),
),
),

http_config is an array for the Cakephp HttpSocket class. An example an option is the time out, you can find all possible at the 1.2 API (or 1.3 ofcourse ). The default configuration is shown in the example below.
Example:

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'http_config' => array(
'timeout' => 10
),

http_headers is an array for additional HTTP headers like the User-Agent. The default configuration is shown in the example below.
Example:

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'http_headers' => array(
'User-Agent' => 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.0; en-US; rv:1.9.0.1) Gecko/2008070208 Firefox/3.0.1'
),

Files

Following are the mode and behavior. The model also shows the basic configuration for the behavior tell it what field in the database to shorten urls for. It also

app/models/shorturl.php

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<?php
class Shorturl extends AppModel {
public $actsAs = array(
'Shorturl' => array(
'fields' => array(
'short'
),
),
);
public function shorten($long_url) {
$url = $this->findByLong($long_url);
if(!$url) {
$data = array();
$data['long'] = $long_url;
$data['short'] = $long_url;
$this->create();
$this->save($data);
$url = $this->findByLong($long_url);
}
return $url['Shorturl']['short'];
}
}

The models database table (as a (My)SQL query)

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CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `shorturls` (
`id` INT(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`long` VARCHAR(1024) NOT NULL,
`short` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) TYPE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ;

app/models/behaviors/shorturl.php

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<?php
class ShorturlBehavior extends ModelBehavior {
private $defaults = array(
'fields' => array(),
'shortners' => array(
'zero_xtc' => array(
'enable' => true,
),
'is_gd' => array(
'enable' => true,
),
'bit_ly' => array(
'enable' => true,
// Go to http://bit.ly/account/your_api_key to get yours
'key' => array(
'login' => '',
'key' => ''
),
),
'u_nu' => array(
'enable' => true,
),
),
'order' => array(
'zero_xtc',
'is_gd',
'bit_ly',
'u_nu',
),
'http_config' => array(
'timeout' => 10
),
'http_headers' => array(
'User-Agent' => 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.0; en-US; rv:1.9.0.1) Gecko/2008070208 Firefox/3.0.1'
),
'retries' => 5,
'mode' => 'ordered',
);
public $settings = array();
public function setup(&$model,$config = array()) {
$this->settings[$model->alias] = $this->defaults;
$this->settings[$model->alias] = $this->array_merge_recursive_distinct($this->settings[$model->alias],(array) $config);
}
public function beforeSave(&$model) {
if(isset($this->settings[$model->alias]['fields'])) {
foreach($this->settings[$model->alias]['fields'] as $void => $field) {
if(isset($model->data[$model->alias][$field]) && !empty($model->data[$model->alias][$field]) && ((version_compare(phpversion(), '5.2.0', '>=') && function_exists('filter_var')) ? filter_var($model->data[$model->alias][$field], FILTER_VALIDATE_URL) : true)) {
$model->data[$model->alias][$field] = $this->shorten($model,$model->data[$model->alias][$field]);
}
}
}
return true;
}
private function shorten(&$model,$long_url) {
App::import('Core', 'Set');
App::import('Core', 'Xml');
App::import('Core', 'HttpSocket');
if($this->settings[$model->alias]['mode']=='randomize') {
$this->settings[$model->alias]['order'] = $this->defaults['order'];
shuffle($this->settings[$model->alias]['order']);
}
for($j=0;$j<($this->settings[$model->alias]['retries'] + 1);$j++) {
foreach($this->settings[$model->alias]['order'] as $shortner) {
if($this->settings[$model->alias]['shortners'][$shortner]['enable']) {
$short_url = $this->{$shortner}($model,$long_url);
if($short_url && !empty($short_url) && !is_null($short_url) && ((version_compare(phpversion(), '5.2.0', '>=') && function_exists('filter_var')) ? filter_var($short_url, FILTER_VALIDATE_URL) : true)) {
return $short_url;
}
}
}
}
return $long_url;
}

private function zero_xtc(&$model,$long_url) {
$this->Http = new HttpSocket($this->settings[$model->alias]['http_config']);
$request = 'http://0x.tc/x?go=' . rawurlencode($long_url) . '&t=' . time();
$response = $this->Http->get(
$request,
array(),
array('header' => $this->settings[$model->alias]['http_headers'])
);
$response = Set::reverse(new Xml($response));
if(is_array($response['Taken']['xUrl'])) {
return false;
}
elseif(substr($response['Taken']['xUrl'], 0, 4) == 'http') {
return $response['Taken']['xUrl'];
}
else {
return false;
}
}

private function is_gd(&$model,$long_url) {
$this->Http = new HttpSocket($this->settings[$model->alias]['http_config']);
$request = 'http://is.gd/api.php?longurl=' . urlencode($long_url);
$response = $this->Http->get(
$request,
array(),
array('header' => $this->settings[$model->alias]['http_headers'])
);
if (substr($request, 0, 4) == 'http') {
return $response;
}
else {
return false;
}
}

private function bit_ly(&$model,$long_url) {
if(isset($this->settings[$model->alias]['shortners']['bit_ly']['key']['login']) && !empty($this->settings[$model->alias]['shortners']['bit_ly']['key']['login']) && isset($this->settings[$model->alias]['shortners']['bit_ly']['key']['key']) && !empty($this->settings[$model->alias]['shortners']['bit_ly']['key']['key'])) {
$this->Http = new HttpSocket($this->settings[$model->alias]['http_config']);
$request = 'http://api.bit.ly/shorten?version=2.0.1&longUrl=' . urlencode($long_url) . '&login=' . $this->settings[$model->alias]['shortners']['bit_ly']['key']['login'] . '&apiKey=' . $this->settings[$model->alias]['shortners']['bit_ly']['key']['key'];
$response = $this->Http->get(
$request,
array(),
array('header' => $this->settings[$model->alias]['http_headers'])
);
$response = json_decode($response);
if ($response->errorCode==0 && $response->statusCode=='OK' && isset($response->results->{$long_url}->shortUrl)) {
return $response->results->{$long_url}->shortUrl;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
else {
return false;
}
}

private function u_nu(&$model,$long_url) {
$this->Http = new HttpSocket($this->settings[$model->alias]['http_config']);
$request = 'http://u.nu/unu-api-simple?url=' . urlencode($long_url);
$response = $this->Http->get(
$request,
array(),
array('header' => $this->settings[$model->alias]['http_headers'])
);
if (substr($request, 0, 4) == 'http') {
return $response;
}
else {
return false;
}
}

// Taken from: http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.array-merge-recursive.php#96201
/**
* Merges any number of arrays / parameters recursively, replacing
* entries with string keys with values from latter arrays.
* If the entry or the next value to be assigned is an array, then it
* automagically treats both arguments as an array.
* Numeric entries are appended, not replaced, but only if they are
* unique
*
* calling: result = array_merge_recursive_distinct(a1, a2, ... aN)
**/

private function array_merge_recursive_distinct () {
$arrays = func_get_args();
$base = array_shift($arrays);
if(!is_array($base)) $base = empty($base) ? array() : array($base);
foreach($arrays as $append) {
if(!is_array($append)) $append = array($append);
foreach($append as $key => $value) {
if(!array_key_exists($key, $base) && !is_numeric($key)) {
$base[$key] = $append[$key];
continue;
}
if(is_array($value) || (isset($base[$key]) && is_array($base[$key]))) {
$base[$key] = $this->array_merge_recursive_distinct($base[$key], $append[$key]);
} else if(is_numeric($key)) {
if(!in_array($value, $base)) $base[] = $value;
} else {
$base[$key] = $value;
}
}
}
return $base;
}
}

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